The Parisian club has now claimed the season-opening trophy on 14 different times.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the match between the French league winners and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side fired twice in the closing moments to take a surprise lead. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital leveler in the dying moments to send the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for PSG to complete a convincing penalty victory.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the past thirteen years.